Biographia Literaria was the most important work of literary criticism of the English Romantic period, combining philosophy and literary criticism in a new way, and it was lastingly influential.

Biographia Literaria, in full Biographia Literaria; or Biographical Sketches of My Literary Life and Opinions, work by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, published in two volumes in 1817. Another edition of the work, to which Coleridge’s daughter Sara appended notes and supplementary biographical material, was published in 1847.

The first volume of the book recounts the author’s friendship with poets Robert Southey and William Wordsworth. Coleridge goes on to describe the influences on his philosophical development, from his early teachers to such philosophers as Immanuel Kant, Johann Fichte, and Friedrich von Schelling. This section includes his well-known discussion of the difference between fancy and imagination. In the second volume Coleridge concentrates on literary criticism and proposes theories about the creative process and the historical sources of the elements of poetry.